The Immigration Debate
in the Classroom
2006

Educators across the nation are struggling with fallout from
the highly charged national debate on the issues of immigration reform and
border security. The angst and emotion
involved in the conflict are spilling over into schools and classrooms as
students stage walkouts and engage in shouting matches. Wise teachers and administrators will use
this time as a valuable citizen education opportunity and a way to connect the
history-social science curriculum to real world issues. Interpretation of
primary documents, organized debates, editorial writing opportunities, close
analysis of news media, and placing the controversy in historical, economic,
and political context are all appropriate classroom activities. SCORE H-SS is providing the following
resources to assist teachers in this process. As more materials become
available, the site will be updated.
Margaret
Hill, Ph.D.
Director
SCORE H-SS
Resources
H.R.4437
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d109:h.r.4437:
This Library of
Congress site has a summary, related laws (including Bill Frist’s S 2454),
amendments, sponsors and Congressional actions on the immigration reform bill
H.R.4437
Office of Immigration Statistics
http://uscis.gov/graphics/shared/statistics/
The Office of
Immigration Statistics (OIS) of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is
responsible for developing, analyzing, and disseminating statistical
information needed to assess the effects of immigration in the United States.
Its goal is to provide high-quality statistical information that is relevant,
timely, cost effective, and customer-oriented.
The Economics of Immigration
http://www.facsnet.org/tools/nbgs/a_thru_h/e/ecnimmigr.php3
Philip Martin,
economics professor at the University of California, Davis explains core principles
that can help evaluate the arguments that fuel the political debate over
immigration.
U.S. Immigration History
http://immigration.about.com/od/usimmigrationhistory/
This About.com site
has articles
and timelines about those who immigrated, historical immigration trends and
laws, Ellis Island, historical sites and individual stories.
How a Bill Becomes Law
http://www.vote-smart.org/resource_govt101_02.php
This
Project Vote Smart site describes the process for federal legislation to be
enacted into law.
Classroom
Lessons
U.S. Immigration Policy
http://www.closeup.org/immigrat.htm
Examine current
immigration policies in the United States, at both the state and federal
levels. Consider a variety of viewpoints on several controversial issues
related to immigration, and discuss these issues in light of past, current, and
proposed legislation. Standards 11.9.7 and 11.11.1
American Immigration Past and Present: A Simulation Activity
http://rims.k12.ca.us/activity/immigration/
As part of a
presentation to the Commission on American Immigration Policy, you must
research the issues and develop an argument for one of four policy options
ranging from closing the borders to opening them wider. In the process, you
will learn about immigration history since the late 1800's as well as recent
trends and their consequences. Standards 8.12.7, 11.2.2 and 11.2.3
Immigration Attitudes in American
History: They Are Not like Us!!
http://education.educ.indiana.edu/cas/tt/v2i2/they.html
This exercise helps
students understand that xenophobic attitudes have existed throughout United
States history and that our culture has survived and been enriched by each new
wave of immigrants. Students should be aware that these biases have been
expressed in each generation, especially when large numbers of immigrants have
come to our country. Standards 8.12.7, 11.2.2, 11.2.3 and 11.3.3
Huddled Masses Still Yearning to Breathe Free
http://www.nytimes.com/learning/teachers/lessons/19990315monday.html?searchpv=learning_lessons
Examine the
experience of modern-day immigrants through learning about the personal experiences
of a variety of immigrants. Use a New York Times article as a springboard for
discussion about the obstacles often encountered by young immigrants coming to
the United States in search of a better life, as well as about related
immigration issues. Interview someone who has immigrated to the United States
or to another country to further explore the modern-day immigrant experience.
Standard 11.11.1
Changing Face of America
The United States has
always been a nation of immigrants, but in recent years the racial and ethnic
composition of the country has begun to change as immigrants have arrived from
different areas than in the past. From colonial days, immigrants have shaped
our national culture and left their mark on the landscape. But as new groups
gain prominence, what changes can we expect? How will the national culture be
affected? Students need to understand the implications of changing patterns in
immigration at multiple scales (national, state, and local) so that they will
be able to participate in informed decision making in the future. Standard
11.11.1
U.S. Immigration Policy: What should we do?
http://www.choices.edu/twtn.cfm?id=66
Many
of the values that unite Americans as a nation are tied to immigration. The
idealism surrounding immigration explains in large part the deep feelings it
evokes in the public policy arena. In recent years, these sentiments have
jostled with concerns about the economy, ethnic relations, social services, the
environment, security, and other issues to recast the discourse on U.S.
immigration policy. U.S. Immigration
Policy: What should we do? is an interactive lesson plan by Brown
University’s Choice for the 21st Century program. It engages
students in consideration of divergent policy alternatives concerning this
topic. This online lesson is excerpted from the larger U.S. Immigration Policy in an Unsettled World.
Dealing
with Controversy & Conflict
Tips for Teaching Controversial Issues
http://www.streetlaw.org/controversy2.html
There are many
methods that can be used to teach controversial and emotionally charged issues
in the classroom. This is a very brief list of guidelines for handling
controversial issues to help facilitators and teachers maintain control of the
situation so that the lesson proceeds smoothly.
Teaching Controversial Issues
http://tep.uoregon.edu/resources/diversity/methods/methodscontroversialissues.html
Teaching
controversial topics is an especially difficult aspect of being an educator.
The goal is for teachers to know that they have accomplished something very
special—helping students learn to engage the tough questions and issues they
will face in their lives. The resources on this page, developed by the
University of Oregon Academic Learning Services, will hopefully help more of
the days be good ones.
Conflict Resolution – The Third Side
http://www.thirdside.org/thirdside.cfm
The
Third Side is a way of looking at the conflicts around us not just from one
side or the other but from the larger perspective of the surrounding community.
Healing the Hate
http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/165479.pdf
This curriculum has
roots in effective practices stimulated by in-depth research in both violence
prevention and prejudice reduction. The approaches involve combining current
methods of prejudice reduction with violence prevention strategies to provide a
comprehensive unique curriculum to reduce crimes based upon intolerance.
Toward a More Perfect Union in an
Age of Diversity: A Guide to Building Stronger Communities through Public
Dialog
http://www.pbs.org/ampu/scg.html
When people have the
opportunity to deal directly and openly with their differences, they learn to
appreciate and respect each other. They also discover common concerns and
develop strong networks to work together on those concerns. The result of these
efforts is more than "getting along" -- it is the healing and renewal
of our civic life. This guide's purpose is to help people of diverse cultures
come together and have honest, productive, democratic conversations.
Skills and Concepts of Conflict Management
http://disputeresolution.ohio.gov/schools/skillsconcepts.htm
This set of resources
by the Ohio Commission on Dispute Resolution and Conflict Management provides
an outline and links to an array of information regarding skills and concepts
of conflict management. Included in the outline are actual lesson plans and
suggestions for teachers to use in order to introduce conflict management into
their curriculum.
Classroom
Activities
SNN Newsroom Writing Editorials and Columns
http://www.snn-rdr.ca/snn/nr_reporterstoolbox/writingeditorials.html
Here
is a step-by-step process for writing editorials to the local newspaper or the
school newspaper.
Authentic Writing – Editorials
http://www.wku.edu/3kinds/jrpeaw.html
Editorials
are a great way for students to defend a position on a controversial
issue. Editorials are also a good way to work through the writing process
with the students. This process will include pre writing, drafting,
peer editing, revising,
and finalizing the piece.
Write Your Legislator
http://www.npca.org/take_action/be_a_friend/get_involved/write.asp
Letter
writing is still the most popular choice of communicating with Congress. This
can come in the form of a personal letter from an individual or from a more
organized campaign in the form of a
letter or a postcard. A letter can be mailed, faxed, or emailed (although many
offices do not have the capability to
provide personal responses to emails). Each method has different
positives and negatives associated with
it. The most important thing is that your
message gets to Congress. Find your legislator’s contact information at http://www.house.gov/writerep/
Debates in the Classroom
http://www.educationworld.com/a_curr/strategy/strategy012.shtml
Using
debates in the classroom can help students grasp essential critical thinking
and presentation skills. Among the skills classroom debates can foster are
abstract thinking, citizenship and etiquette, clarity, organization,
persuasion, public speaking, research, and teamwork and cooperation. Here are
resources for various grade levels.
Believe It or Not? Evaluating
News Sources in Print and on the Web
http://www.lib.washington.edu/GearUp/News/
Here
are useful classroom resources for evaluating news sources, detecting bias in
the news, and holding classroom discussions about the reporting of information
in the media.